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Yakin Biyafara: Sojojin Najeriya Sun Kwace Umuahia, Babban Birnin Biyafara |
A rana mai kama da yau, 24 ga watan Disamba, 1969, sojojin Tarayyar Najeriya sun kwace birnin Umuahia, wanda a wancan lokaci ke matsayin babban birnin Jamhuriyar Biyafara. Wannan lamari ya kasance babban sauyi a Yakin Basasar Najeriya, wanda ya nuna kusantar ƙarshen rikicin.
Operation Leopard: Farmakin Karshe
Kwace Umuahia ya faru ne a karkashin Operation Leopard, wani shiri na soja da rundunar Najeriya ta aiwatar domin karya ragowar kariyar Biyafara.
- Ba a yi faɗa kai tsaye a cikin birnin Umuahia ba
- Amma yankunan da ke kewaye da birnin sun fuskanci mummunan barna da hare-hare masu tsanani
- A ƙarshe, sojojin Najeriya sun shiga birnin tare da karɓe iko a ranar 24 ga Disamba, 1969
Ƙoƙarin Kwace Umuahia Tun Farko
Wannan ba shi ne karo na farko da aka yi yunƙurin kwace Umuahia ba.
A ranar 17 ga Satumba, 1968, bayan nasarorin da rundunar sojan Najeriya ta samu a Aba da Owerri,
Runduna ta 3 ta Sojan Najeriya, a ƙarƙashin Janar Benjamin Adekunle, ta nufi Umuahia.
Sai dai:
- sojojin Biyafara sun nuna tsananin tirjiya
- an shafe kwanaki 14 ana fafatawa da juna
- daga bisani, rundunar ta 3 ta Marine ta janye zuwa Owerri a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1968
Wannan ya nuna irin wahalar da aka sha kafin samun nasarar ƙarshe a shekarar 1969.
Bayan Kwace Umuahia
Bayan kwace birnin:
- Umuahia ta ci gaba da kasancewa karkashin ikon Najeriya har zuwa ƙarshen yaki
- ta zama hedikwatar Runduna ta 1 ta Sojan Najeriya
A ranar 24 ga Disamba, 1969,
Runduna ta 3 ta Sojan Najeriya, a ƙarƙashin Janar Olusegun Obasanjo, ta kaddamar da farmaki na ƙarshe kan Biyafara.
A cikin makonni biyu kacal:
- an kwace Owerri
- an kuma karɓe filin jirgin saman Uli, wanda shi ne muhimmin hanyar shigo da kayayyaki ga Biyafara
Ƙarshen Yakin Biyafara
Bayan rushewar manyan sansanonin soja:
- a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 1970, sabon shugaban Biyafara Philip Effiong ya ayyana tsagaita wuta
- a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 1970, Biyafara ta mika wuya ga Tarayyar Najeriya
Hakan ya kawo ƙarshen yakin a hukumance a ranar 15 ga Janairu, 1970.
Asarar Rayuka
Masana tarihi sun kiyasta cewa:
- tsakanin mutane miliyan 2 zuwa 3 ne suka rasa rayukansu
- mafi yawansu fararen hula ne
Yawancin mutuwar ta faru ne sakamakon:
- yunwa mai tsanani, inda dubban mutane ke mutuwa a kullum
- cututtuka da rashin magunguna saboda killace yankunan Biyafara
Kammalawa
Kwace Umuahia a ranar 24 ga Disamba, 1969:
- ya zama babban alamar rushewar Biyafara
- ya nuna ƙarshen ikon siyasa da soja na jamhuriyar
- kuma ya buɗe hanya zuwa ƙarshen ɗaya daga cikin mafi munin yakoki a tarihin Afirka
Tarihin Yakin Biyafara na ci gaba da zama darasi mai tsanani kan illar rarrabuwa, yunwa, da tsadar da fararen hula ke biya a lokutan yaki.
