Takaitaccen Tarihin Masarautar Dutse Jigawa State

Takaitaccen Tarihin Masarautar Dutse

Dutse birni ne wanda yake a arewacin Najeriya, Babban birnin jihar Jigawa ne . Gida ne ga Jami'ar Tarayya, da aka kafa a Nuwamba 2011.

An kimanta Yawan mutanen Dutse 153,000 A Lissafin Shekarar(2009), Dutse ne babban birnin jihar Jigawa na Najeriya ne. An kirkiro jihar ne a shekarar 1991 a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida.

Garin Dutse wanda a baya ake fi sani da Dutse Gadawur shi ne sabon sunan garin Garu wanda ya samu a cikin ƙarni na 13 sakamakon zuwan wani maharbi Babarbare mai suna Duna Magu. Tun kafin bayyanar wannan maharbi a wurin, akwai mutane da ke zaune a wannan yanki na Garu da ya koma Dutse daga baya:

Wannan gari na Garu, shi ne matsungunin fadar Masarautar Dutse. Tun kusan ƙarni na ɗaya ake kyautata zaton mutane sun zauna a wannan wuri da ke da duwatsun da suka dace da farauta da kuma muhallin zama.

Bayan wani lokaci an samu canje-canje inda wannan gari na Dutse ya tashi daga masarauta ya koma gunduma a ƙarƙashin Masarautar Kano, kuma daga baya a 1993 ya sake komawa masarauta kamar yadda yake tun farko.

Asali

Akwai maganganu dangane da fadar Masarautar Dutse. A wata faɗar an ce duwatsun da suka kewaye garin Garu suna alamta samuwar jama’a a wannan wuri tun lokacin da ɗan Adam yake amfani da dutse a matsayin hanyar samar da kayan amfani, lokacin da a Turance ake kira ‘Stone Age.’ (Sanusi, 2009).

A wata ruwayar kuma an ce akwai samuwar wani gari da ake kira Birnin Gija wanda ya taɓa zama cibiyar kasuwanci a yankin sahara (Trans-Saharan Trade) tun kafin samuwar birnin Kano. Shi wannan gari, ba ya da nisa da ainihin garin Garu a yanzu haka. Haka nan a wannan gari na Birnin Gija akwai sauran alamomin wuraren da aka gudanar da sana’ar rini. (Sanusi, 2009).

Sannan akwai waɗanda suka fara rubuta tarihin Dutse daga ƙarni na 13 lokacin da wani maharbi mutumin Borno mai suna Duna Magu ya bayyana a yankin. Wannan mutum shi ne wanda ya fara kiran wannan wuri da sunan Gadawur. (Sanusi, 2009). Daga baya kuma aka koma ana kiran wurin da Dutse Gadawur. Duna Magu mutum ne maharbi wanda a ƙoƙarinsa na gano wuri mafi dacewa da zai gudanar da sana’arsa ta harbi ya zo wannan yanki na Dutse, ya kuma yi sa’a wannan yanki wuri ne mai yawan gada. Da isarsa kan wannan dutse tun kafin ya gama sauke kayansa na harbi, sai ya hangi wata gada tana gudu, kafin ya waiga ya waigo sai gadar nan ta wulka kamar walƙiya ya neme ta ya rasa. Cikin mamaki sai ya kada baki ya ce, “yanzu na ga gada, wur ta wuce’” To, an ce tun daga wannan lokaci wannan suna na Dutse Gadawur ya zauna. (Masarautar Dutse, 2015; Ƙwalli, 1996; Sanusi, 2009).

Wannan shi ne asalin dutsen da Duna Magu ya sauka a kai, har yau wannan dutse yana nan a bayan fadar Masarautar Dutse a garin Garu.

Dangane da jimawa ko samuwar zaman jama’a a wannan yanki na Dutse kuwa, Masarautar Dutse (2015), ta ruwaito cewa, mutane sun zauna a wannan yanki na Dutse tun kafin Bagauda ya zo Kano. Sannan bayan Bayajidda ba da daɗewa ba an samu dangantaka ta yaƙi a tsakanin wannan masarauta ta Dutse da Masarautar Kano kamar yadda ya zo a Northern Nigerian Publishers (1979). Haka akwai batun cewa kundin tarihin nan na Kano mai suna ‘Kano Chronicle’ ya bayyana cewa ɗaya daga cikin sarakunan Kano mai suna Abdullahi Barja (1438 – 1452),ya yaƙi Masarautar Dutse a zamanin Sarki Tuwai Mai Asarki Babba (1421 – 1463), wanda bayan ya yi galaba ya auri ’yar Sarkin Dutse da kuma ’yar Galadiman Dutse. (Northern Nigerian Publishers, 1979; Sanusi, 2009).

Tun daga ƙarni na 13 zuwa yau (2016), wannan masarauta ta Dutse ta yi sarakuna 47 guda 28 kafin jihadi, 19 kuma bayan jihadin Shehu Ɗan Fodiyo. Sai dai cewa wadansu daga cikin waɗannan shugabanni ba sarakai ba ne, a lokutan da Dutse ta riƙa zama a ƙarƙashin Kano a matsayin garin hakimi, saboda haka wadansunsu hakimai ne ke nan, wadansu kuma sarakuna.

Masarautar Dutse na daga cikin masarautu masu daɗaɗɗen tarihi. Sai dai, ta samu tasgaro a wasu lokuta a baya, musamman zamanin da Sarkin Kano Abdullahi Barja ya yaƙe ta ta koma ƙarƙashinsa. Saboda waɗannan dalilai da wasu, sai ya zamo wadansu sarakunan na Dutse a wasu lokuta a baya suna a matsayin hakimai ne ƙarƙashin Masarautar Kano.

Wannan masarauta ta Dutse, tana da gidajen sarauta guda uku kamar haka: Barebari (Kanuri), (Hausawa), da kuma Fulani (Fulata-Borno)

Daga wancan lokaci zuwa yau (2016), wannan masarauta ta samu sarakuna 47. Na farkonsu shi ne Sarki Tuwai Mai Asarki Babba, na ƙarshe kuma zuwa yanzu (2016), shi ne Mai martaba Sarki Nuhu Muhammadu Sanusi. Kamar yadda za a ga jerin sunayensu a ƙasa:

Sarakunan (Hausawa)

Sarki Tuwai Mai Asarki Babba 1421 – 1463

Sarki Ƙetare Ɗan’auta Mai Kuka 1463 – 1463

Sarki Tasau Ɗan Ƙetare 1463 – 1476

Sarki Maido Mai Asarki Ƙarama 1476 – 1482

Sarki Maigiji-Tandu 1482 – 1489

Sarki Amdu Maranje 1489 – 1498

Sarki Babilu Mai Karauna 1498 – 1515

Sarki Labun Mai Achiza 1515 – 1528

Sarki Yakwabu Kwasau 1528 – 1554

Sarki Sambore Mai Jugurgur 1554 – 1564

Sarki Dunhu dan Maryama 1564 – 1569

Sarki Akuli Gurumfa 1569 – 1577

Sarki Mantau Jarmai Babba 1577 – 1584

Sarki Jawandu-Dogo 1584 – 1609

Sarki Yusufu A-Taka-Lafiya 1609 – 1616

Sarki Mamman Tauroma Mai Babban Wando 1616 – 1632

Sarki Yakubu Nabukka 1632 – 1643

Sarki Inuwa Bagizire 1643 – 1658

Sarki Habu Mai Ƙoƙiya 1658 – 1667

Sarki Audu Idon Mikiya 1667 – 1679

Sarki Mani Mai Artabu 1679 – 1686

Sarki Hassan Makau Dodon Bango 1686 – 1702

Sarki Mamman Mai Sajen Fama 1702 – 1720

Sarki Yahai Maƙuri Bangon Dutse 1720 – 1732

Sarki Ada Gyauron Maza 1732 – 1735

Sarki Zubairu Tsohon Mutum 1737 – 1797

Sarki Mamman Natata 1797 – 1799

Sarki Amadu Gwajabo 1799 – 1807

Sarakunan Fulani

Dangane da sarautar Fulani a Masarautar Dutse akwai gidaje biyu da suke sarautar Dutse tun daga 1807 bayan samun nasarar jihadin Shehu Usmanu Ɗan Fodiyo zuwa yau. Akwai ƙabilar Jalligawa da kuma Yalligawa.

Sarki Salihu dan Ibrahim 1807 – 1819.

Sarki Musa Ahmadu 1819 – 1840.

Sarki Bello dan Musa 1840 – 1849

Sarki Sulaiman dan Musa 1849 – 1868.

Sarki Ibrahim dan Salihu 1868 – 1884.

Sarki Abdulƙadir dan Salihu 1884 – 1893

Sarki Salihu dan Ibrahim II 1893 – 1894

Sarki Ibrahim dan Musa 1894

Sarki Abdulƙadir dan Musa 1894 – 1901

Sarki Abduƙadir dan Ibrahim 1901 – 1903

Hakimi Haladu dan Sulaiman 1903 – 1910

Hakimi Halilu dan Bello 1910 – 1911

Hakimi Hamidan dan Ibrahim 1912

Hakimi Abdullahi dan Sulaiman 1912 – 1919

Hakimi Bello dan Abdulƙadir 1919 – 1923

Hakimi Sulaiman Ɗan Nuhu 1923 – 1960

Sarki Abdullahi Maikano dan Sulaimanu 1960 -1983

Sarki Muhammadu Sanusi dan Bello 1983 – 1995

Sarki Nuhu Muhammadu Sanusi 1995 - 2024

Sarkin Dutse na yanzu Alhaji Hameem Nuhu Sanusi. Ya zama Sarkin Dutse na 22 a shekarar 2024, bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa, Marigayi Sarki na 21, Nuhu Muhammad Sanusi.

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