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| Tarihin Phoolan Devi |
Phoolan Devi, wacce aka fi sani da “Bandit Queen” ko “Sarauniyar ’Yan Fashi”, na daga cikin fitattun mata mafi cece-kuce a tarihin Indiya. Rayuwarta ta kasance cike da wahala, zalunci, tashin hankali, ramuwar gayya, da kuma sauyin rayuwa daga jagorar ’yan fashi zuwa ’yar siyasa.
Ga wasu, an gan ta a matsayin mai aikata manyan laifuka; ga wasu kuma, ta zama alamar gwagwarmayar marasa galihu da wadanda ake zalunta. Har zuwa yau, tarihin Phoolan Devi na ci gaba da jan hankalin masu bincike, marubuta da masu shirya fina-finai a duniya.
A wannan maƙala, za mu duba waye Phoolan Devi, yadda rayuwarta ta sauya daga talauci zuwa shahara, da kuma yadda ta mutu.
Wacece Phoolan Devi?
An haifi Phoolan Devi a shekarar 1963 a wani ƙauye matalauci a Jihar Uttar Pradesh, Indiya, cikin iyali marasa galihu daga al’ummar da aka dade ana nuna musu wariya a tsarin zamantakewar kasar.
Tun tana ƙarama, rayuwarta ta cika da ƙalubale. An aurar da ita tun tana da kimanin shekaru 11, abin da ya jefa ta cikin wahalhalu tun da wuri. Bayan haka, ta fuskanci cin zarafi da tashin hankali, abubuwan da suka yi tasiri sosai a rayuwarta.
Yadda Ta Shiga Harkar ’Yan Fashi
Bayan jerin wahalhalun da ta fuskanta, Phoolan Devi ta shiga wata ƙungiyar dacoits, wato ƙungiyoyin ’yan fashi da suka shahara a wasu yankunan karkarar Indiya.
Kalmar “Dacoit” tana nufin ’yan bindiga ko ’yan fashi da ke kai hare-hare a ƙauyuka, hanyoyi da motocin sufuri.
Ba da jimawa ba, Phoolan ta zama shugabar ƙungiya, inda aka ce tana jagorantar hare-hare a:
- manyan ƙauyuka
- hanyoyin sufuri
- motocin kaya
- wasu jiragen ƙasa
Wannan ya sa sunanta ya bazu a fadin Indiya.
Rikicin Behmai da Zargin Kisan Mutane 22
Daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da suka fi ɗaga sunanta shi ne abin da ya faru a ƙauyen Behmai a shekarar 1981.
An zargi Phoolan Devi da jagorantar harin ramuwar gayya wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane 22. Wannan zargi ya biyo bayan ikirarin cewa ta dauki fansa kan wadanda suka ci zarafinta a baya.
Lamarin Behmai ya mayar da ita:
- mutum mafi nema ruwa a jallo a Indiya
- abar tsoro ga hukumomi
- kuma a idon wasu talakawa, jaruma mai tsayawa kan hakkinta
Mika Wuya da Zaman Kurkuku
Bayan shekaru tana gujewa jami’an tsaro, Phoolan Devi ta miƙa wuya a shekarar 1983 a wani shiri na sulhu da aka cimma tsakanin ta da gwamnati.
An tsare ta a Kurkukun Gwalior, inda ta shafe shekaru 11 a gidan yari ba tare da an kammala shari’arta yadda ya kamata ba, a cewar wasu rahotanni.
Daga bisani aka sake ta, lamarin da ya bude sabon babi a rayuwarta.
Yadda Ta Zama ’Yar Siyasa
Bayan fitowarta daga kurkuku, Phoolan Devi ta shiga siyasa.
A shekarar 1996, ta lashe zabe a matsayin ’yar majalisar dokokin Indiya karkashin jam’iyyar Samajwadi Party.
Ko da yake ta rasa kujerarta a 1998, ta sake dawowa majalisa a 1999, inda ta ci gaba da wakiltar mazabarta har zuwa rasuwarta.
Wannan sauyi daga rayuwar daji zuwa majalisa ya sanya ta zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mata masu ban mamaki a tarihin siyasar Indiya.
Fim Din Bandit Queen da Cece-kuce
A shekarar 1994, aka fitar da fim mai suna Bandit Queen, wanda ya dogara da labarin rayuwar Phoolan Devi.
Fim din ya jawo cece-kuce sosai saboda yadda ya nuna wasu abubuwa na rayuwarta, musamman bangarorin cin zarafi da tashin hankalin da ta fuskanta.
Phoolan Devi ta nuna rashin amincewa da yadda aka gabatar da rayuwarta a fim ɗin, har ta nemi a dakatar da nuna shi a Indiya a wani lokaci.
Sai dai duk da cece-kucen, fim din ya kara jefa sunanta cikin idon duniya.
Kisan Phoolan Devi
A ranar 25 ga Yuli, 2001, aka harbe Phoolan Devi har lahira a wajen gidanta da ke New Delhi, babban birnin Indiya.
Wanda aka zarga da kisan, Sher Singh Rana, ya yi ikirarin cewa ya aikata hakan ne a matsayin ramuwar gayya dangane da kisan gillar Behmai.
Mutuwarta ta kawo karshen rayuwar mace da ta rayu cikin gardama, tashin hankali da kuma sauyin da ba kasafai ake gani ba.
Littattafai da Tarihin Rayuwarta
Rayuwar Phoolan Devi ta zaburar da rubuce-rubuce da dama, ciki har da tarihin rayuwarta mai suna:
I, Phoolan Devi
Wannan littafi ya kara haskaka abubuwan da ta fuskanta da kuma yadda ta ga kanta a tarihin da duniya ta rubuta a kanta.
Kammalawa
Tarihin Phoolan Devi na daya daga cikin labaran rayuwa mafi rikitarwa a duniya — daga talauci da zalunci, zuwa rayuwar ’yan fashi, sannan daga bisani ta koma ’yar siyasa mai wakiltar jama’a.
Har yau, ana ci gaba da muhawara a kanta:
Shin Phoolan Devi mai laifi ce, ko kuma jarumar gwagwarmaya?
Ko wane bangare mutum ya tsaya, abu daya a bayyane yake: ta bar tarihi da duniya ba za ta manta da shi cikin sauƙi ba.
