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| Tarihin Al-Hajj Abdoulaye bin Mamadou Niasse (RA |
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye bin Mamadou Niasse (1845–1922) na daga cikin manyan malamai da jagororin addinin Musulunci da suka yi tasiri a yankin Senegambia — wato yankunan Senegal da Gambiya — a farkon ƙarni na 20.
An san shi da:
- zurfin ilimi
- koyar da addinin Musulunci
- jagoranci a Darikar Tijjaniyya
- noma da rayuwar tawali’u
- yaki da mulkin mallaka ta fuskar kishin addini da al’umma
Shi ne kuma mahaifin fitaccen malamin Musulunci Sheikh Ibrahim Inyass (RA), wanda daga baya ya zama daya daga cikin manyan jagororin Darikar Tijjaniyya a duniya.
A wannan maƙala, za mu yi duba kan rayuwar Al-Hajj Abdoulaye Niasse, iliminsa, jihadi, gudunmawarsa ga Musulunci, da tarihinsa a Darikar Tijjaniyya.
Wanene Al-Hajj Abdoulaye Niasse?
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye bin Mamadou Niasse malami ne, jagoran addini, kuma daya daga cikin manyan malaman Tijjaniyya a yankin Senegambia.
An haife shi a shekara ta:
1845
Ya rasu a ranar:
9 ga Yuli, 1922
A tarihin Darikar Tijjaniyya, ana kallonsa a matsayin:
✅ babban malami
✅ jagoran tarbiyya
✅ mai wa’azi
✅ mai ijaza mutlaqa a Tijjaniyya
✅ uba kuma babban malamin Sheikh Ibrahim Nyass
Asalin Iyali da Tarihin Gidansu
Mahaifinsa, Mamadou Niasse, shi ma fitaccen malamin Musulunci ne kuma marabout a yankin Yammacin Afirka.
Ya yi hijira daga yankin Djoloff zuwa Saloum, inda ya kafa ƙauyen:
Niacene
a shekara ta 1865.
Wannan lokaci ne da yankin ke cikin rikice-rikicen jihadi da yaƙe-yaƙe na addini da suka shafi Al-Hajj Umar Futi.
Shigarsa Jihadi da Sauya Rayuwa
A farkon rayuwarsa, Al-Hajj Abdoulaye ya shiga harkokin jihadi tare da wasu shugabanni a yankin Saloum.
Sai dai daga baya ya janye daga yaƙe-yaƙe, ya mayar da hankali kan:
- koyar da addini
- noma
- tarbiyyar almajirai
- yaɗa ilimin Musulunci
Daga bisani ya kafa ƙauyensa mai suna:
Taiba Niacene
wanda ya zama cibiyar ilimi da tarbiyya.
Matsalarsa da Turawan Mulkin Mallaka
Saboda tasirinsa da yawan mabiyansa, gwamnatin mallakar Faransa ta fara kallonsa a matsayin barazana.
A shekarar:
1900
gwamnan Faransa ya tilasta masa gudun hijira zuwa Gambiya tare da almajiransa kusan 200.
Rahotanni sun nuna cewa an kona:
- ƙauyensa Taiba Niacene
- babban masallacinsa
- dakin karatunsa mai tarin littattafai
Wannan ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan kalubalen rayuwarsa.
Tafiye-Tafiyensa da Neman Ilimi
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye ya yi tafiye-tafiye masu yawa domin neman ilimi da haɗuwa da manyan malamai.
Daga cikin wuraren da ya ziyarta akwai:
- Makka
- Madina
- Fes (Morocco)
- Alkahira (Masar)
- Marseille (Faransa)
Hajji
Ya gudanar da aikin Hajji tun a shekarar:
1890
Jami’ar Al-Azhar
An rawaito cewa jami’ar:
Al-Azhar ta Masar
ta ba shi ijaza a ilimin addini yayin ziyararsa.
Shigarsa Darikar Tijjaniyya
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye ya shiga Darikar Tijjaniyya ta hannun:
Shaihu Mamadou Diallo
a shekarar:
1875
ta silsilar Al-Hajj Umar Futi.
Daga baya ya samu alaƙa da manyan shuyukh na Tijjaniyya kamar:
- Sheikh Ahmad Sukayrij
- Sharif Ahmad bin Saih
- Muhammad Ould Cheikh
- Al-Hajj Malik Sy
Samun Ijaza Mutlaqa
Daya daga cikin manyan matsayinsa a Tijjaniyya shi ne samun:
Ijaza Mutlaqa
wato cikakken izinin koyarwa da jagoranci a darika.
Shahararren malamin Tijjaniyya:
Sheikh Ahmad Sukayrij
na Morocco ne ya ba shi wannan ijaza.
Wannan ya sanya shi cikin manyan jagororin Tijjaniyya a Yammacin Afirka.
Mahaifin Sheikh Ibrahim Nyass
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye shi ne mahaifin:
Sheikh Ibrahim Nyass (RA)
wanda daga baya ya zama daya daga cikin fitattun malaman Tijjaniyya a duniya.
Lokacin rasuwar mahaifinsa a 1922, Sheikh Ibrahim Nyass yana da shekaru kusan:
20
Sauran ’ya’yansa ma sun kasance malamai, ciki har da:
Muhammad Khalifa Niasse
wanda ya rubuta littattafai da dama wajen kare akidar Tijjaniyya.
Rasuwarsa
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye Niasse ya rasu a ranar:
9 ga Yuli, 1922
wanda ya yi daidai da:
13 Dhul-Qa’ada 1340H
Rasuwarsa ta zo ne makonni biyu kacal bayan rasuwar babban abokinsa kuma malamin Tijjaniyya:
Al-Hajj Malik Sy
na Tivaouane.
Gadonsa da Tasirinsa
Har yau, ana tunawa da Al-Hajj Abdoulaye saboda:
✅ iliminsa mai zurfi
✅ koyar da Musulunci
✅ jagoranci a Tijjaniyya
✅ tarbiyyar almajirai
✅ kishin addini
✅ sadaukar da rayuwa wajen ilimi da noma
Haka kuma, gadonsa ya ci gaba ta hannun ɗansa:
Sheikh Ibrahim Nyass
wanda ya yaɗa Tijjaniyya zuwa sassa daban-daban na duniya.
Kammalawa
Al-Hajj Abdoulaye bin Mamadou Niasse (RA) ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan malamai da suka taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yaɗa ilimin Musulunci da Darikar Tijjaniyya a Yammacin Afirka.
Rayuwarsa ta haɗa:
- ilimi
- jihadi
- hijira
- tarbiyya
- noma
- sadaukar da kai ga addini
Har yanzu ana tunawa da shi a matsayin:
malami mai girma, jagora nagari, kuma tushen ɗaya daga cikin manyan gidajen ilimi a tarihin Musulunci na Afirka.
: Mahaifin Sheikh Ibrahim Nyass da Gudunmawarsa ga Tijjaniyya){kind=link}