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| Juma-Jami Mosque, Crimea: Babban Gado na Musulunci a Gabashin Turai |
Masallacin Juma’a-Jami, wanda ake kira Masallacin Juma’a ko kuma Masallacin Khan, yana daga cikin manyan gine-ginen Musulunci mafiya muhimmanci a yankin Crimea. Wannan masallaci mai daraja yana cikin birnin Yevpatoria, yankin Crimea—wuri da ke cikin Ukraine a hukumance, amma a halin yanzu yana ƙarƙashin ikon Rasha.
Masallacin ya kasance shaida ta ƙarfin siyasa, addini, da al’adun Daular Crimea Khanate, wadda Musulmi suka mulka daga ƙarni na 15 zuwa na 18.
Tarihin Gina Masallacin Juma-Jami
An fara gina Masallacin Juma-Jami ne tsakanin shekaru 1552 zuwa 1564, a lokacin mulkin Khan Devlet I Giray, ɗaya daga cikin fitattun sarakunan Crimea Khanate.
- A shekarar 1552, Khan Devlet I Giray ya ba da umarnin a gina masallacin
- Bayan shekara guda da hawansa mulki, ya nemi fitaccen mai zane na Daular Ottoman, Mimar Sinan, ya jagoranci aikin ginin
Wannan mataki ya nuna ƙaƙƙarfan alaƙa ta siyasa da al’adu tsakanin Crimea Khanate da Daular Ottoman.
Mimar Sinan: Gwarzon Ginin Musulunci
Mimar Sinan ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin:
- mafi girman mai zanen gine-gine a tarihin Daular Ottoman
- wanda ya tsara gine-gine sama da 300 a rayuwarsa
Daga cikin shahararrun ayyukansa akwai:
- Masallacin Suleymaniye a Istanbul
- Selimiye Mosque
- daruruwan masallatai, makarantu, gadoji da asibitoci
Abin lura shi ne, a lokacin da yake gina Masallacin Juma-Jami, Sinan yana kuma aiki kan gagarumin aikin Masallacin Suleymaniye (1550–1557)—wanda ke daga cikin manyan gine-ginen Musulunci a duniya. Wannan ya nuna irin ƙwarewa da jajircewarsa.
Salon Gini da Muhimmancin Masallacin
Masallacin Juma-Jami yana ɗauke da:
- babban ginin sallah mai faɗi
- manyan hasumiyoyi (minarets)
- salon gine-ginen Ottoman na gargajiya
Masallacin ya kasance:
- cibiyar ibada
- wurin taruwar al’umma
- alamar ikon Musulunci a yankin Crimea
Tsarinsa ya nuna haɗin kai tsakanin salon Ottoman da yanayin yankin Bahar Maliya (Black Sea).
Lalacewa da Gyare-Gyare
A cikin ƙarni na 17, guda biyu daga cikin hasumiyoyin masallacin sun ruguje sakamakon lokaci da lalacewar gini.
- A shekarun 1970, a zamanin Tarayyar Soviet, an gudanar da gyare-gyare
- Duk da cewa Soviet ba ta goyi bayan addini ba, an gyara masallacin ne bisa matsayin sa na gini na tarihi
Lokacin Soviet da Sauyin Aiki
A lokacin mulkin Tarayyar Soviet:
- an rufe masallacin daga ayyukan ibada
- an mayar da shi Gidan Tarihin Addinai
Wannan ya faru ne saboda manufofin Soviet na takaita addini, musamman Musulunci da Kiristanci.
Sai dai bayan:
- rugujewar Tarayyar Soviet a 1990,
- an mayar da Masallacin Juma-Jami zuwa cikakken masallaci
Tun daga lokacin, ya sake zama:
- wurin sallar Juma’a
- cibiyar addini ga Musulmin Crimea
Muhimmancin Masallacin Juma-Jami a Tarihin Musulunci
Masallacin Juma-Jami:
- shi ne mafi girman masallaci a Crimea
- alama ce ta daɗaɗɗen tarihin Musulunci a Gabashin Turai
- shaida ce ta haɗin Daular Ottoman da Crimea Khanate
Har yau, masallacin yana zama abin tunani da alfahari ga Musulmi, tare da jan hankalin:
- masu yawon buɗe ido
- masana tarihi
- masu sha’awar gine-ginen Musulunci
Kammalawa
Masallacin Juma-Jami na Crimea ba kawai wurin ibada ba ne; gado ne na tarihi, al’adu, da imani. Gina shi da hannun Mimar Sinan ya sanya shi cikin jerin manyan gine-ginen Musulunci a duniya. Duk da sauye-sauyen siyasa da mulki, masallacin ya tsira, ya dawo da martabarsa, kuma har yanzu yana tsaye a matsayin shaida ta ɗorewar Musulunci a yankin Crimea.
Idan kana sha’awar:
- masallatai masu tarihi
- tasirin Musulunci a Turai
- manyan ayyukan Mimar Sinan
Ka ci gaba da bibiyar wannan shafi kuma ka raba domin amfanin wasu.
